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Why Sunlight DOESN'T take 8 minutes to reach Earth

17.1K views· 311 likes· 5:50· Aug 24, 2022

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You might know that it takes light a swift 8 minutes 20 seconds to reach Earth from the Sun. But, that's not fully correct. To understand why, we need to look deeper, beyond the Sun's surface. Sources: https://arxiv.org/abs/1004.2318 https://www.mit.edu/~kardar/teaching/projects/chemotaxis(AndreaSchmidt)/random.htm https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/sun/in-depth/ 🧠 Get 20% off a premium subscription to Brilliant: https://brilliant.sjv.io/lewis 🧑‍💻 For productivity & self-development advice check out my blog: https://www.lewiscooper.net/ MY FAVOURITE GEAR (Amazon Affiliate Links): 💻 Laptop: https://amzn.to/3eACpm7 💻 iPad Pro: https://amzn.to/3sLG7Sg 💾 Hard Drive: https://amzn.to/31bxfKm 💡 Video Lights: https://amzn.to/32DRJMD 📷 Canon 750D: https://amzn.to/3FJ5qIu 🎥 Canon 50mm f/1.8: https://amzn.to/3qEYFRo SOCIALS: 🌍 My website/ blog: https://www.lewiscooper.net/ 🐦 Twitter: https://twitter.com/lewiscooperr 📚 Goodreads: https://goodreads.com/lewiscooper 🎶 Background Music: https://www.epidemicsound.com/referral/9l4lox WHO AM I? My name is Lewis, I'm an astrophysics graduate from the UK. On my channel, you'll find a collection of videos about science topics, university life, technology and whatever else I find interesting. I also have a website where I publish articles on productivity, time management and advice on making the best version of ourselves (https://www.lewiscooper.net/) CONTACT ME: Business Inquiries: contact.lewiscooper@gmail.com PS: Some of the links in this description may be affiliate links that I get a small kickback from to help the channel grow 🙌

About This Video

Most people (including me, for a long time) repeat the fact that sunlight takes about 8 minutes 20 seconds to reach Earth — and that part is true if you’re talking about light travelling through space from the Sun’s surface. But in this video I explain why that’s not the full story, because the photons that eventually become “sunlight” don’t start their journey at the surface. They’re produced deep in the Sun’s core, and getting from there to the surface is the slow bit. The key idea is that inside the Sun, photons don’t just stream straight out. They constantly scatter off charged particles, performing a kind of random walk. So even though each individual step is at the speed of light, the overall progress outward is painfully slow, and the timescale becomes thousands to potentially hundreds of thousands of years (depending on the model and assumptions). The takeaway is simple: 8 minutes is the final sprint; the real journey is the chaotic, stop-start crawl through the Sun’s interior — and it’s a lovely example of how “speed” and “time to escape” aren’t the same thing when diffusion is involved.

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