After Caracas: A New U.S. Posture in the Americas and What It Means for China and Russia

The U.S. raid on Caracas and the arrest of Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro on January 3 gave credibility to President Trump’s pronouncement of “preeminence” in Latin America in his National Security Strategy. But Washington’s reassertion of hemispheric influence also raises questions about how a renewed Monroe Doctrine might reshape the way other countries — above all China and Russia — engage in this contested region. Both Beijing and Moscow have long regarded Venezuela as a strategic partner. Experts from Moscow, São Paulo, and Washington come together to examine how China and Russia have responded to this shift, how Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin are recalibrating their regional strategies, and how these developments are being interpreted in South America.